Here are some basics that all web sites should have... I have taken some of the most salient points from a recent article by Mark Jackson and reproduced them here...he is very succinct in a couple of paragraphs.
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Search Engines are simple creatures that are simply trying to deliver the most relevant results for the searcher. So, if you're trying to make your Web site show up for keywords which do not accurately describe what it is you do or sell, please try again.
Step One: Keywords
Before you even get into writing a bunch of copy or changing your title tags, research the keywords you want to target. There are many, many tools that can help you with keyword research (and a lot of SEOs use more than one). One free tool is Google Keyword Tool [try it here]. Keep things very basic; let's be sure that we find two to three keywords/phrases that accurately describe each page of your Web site. Let's be sure that these are words which aren't merely important to the CEO, but that there is actually search volume behind these selections. If you want to take things to the next level, also look at things like Google Trends [go here] to make sure that you are selecting keywords which are perhaps growing in popularity rather than on their way down.
Step Two: Competitive Analysis
Again, keeping things simple (you can really get into the weeds here), get your spreadsheet open and make a list of the top 10 or so Web sites that you often see ranking for keywords that you are interested in targeting. Do what you can to remove personalization from your search results. Once you've created your list of targeted competitors, let's at least check a couple of things to see if we can compete for these keywords. The simplest thing to do is a site:www.nameofsite.com query on Yahoo Site Explorer. To do this, go to yahoo.com, type in (without the quotes; obviously replacing "nameofthesite" with the actual URL of the competitor) "site:www.nameofthesite.com," and hit "Web Search." When you do this, you will get a list of the pages that are shown in Yahoo's index. You will also see the number of "inlinks," as well. To check the inlinks, you'll want to use the drop down to select "except from this domain" so that you are not counting links from that domain, but rather links from other domains.
Competitive analysis is important because you want to spend your time focused on optimizing for keywords that you have any chance - at all - to rank for/get traffic from.
If your Web site is a meek 10 pages deep, and the competitors are averaging 500 pages of content, more than likely, you are going to need to create a lot more pages of content or select keywords that aren't as competitive. If the competitors that you are targeting have over 1,000 links from other Web sites (not that quantity is everything), and you have five, chances are you are going to have to select some less competitive keywords or find creative methods for generating some link love.
Step 3: Title Tags
In our "E-Commerce Site Clinic," there were many, many Web sites that shared a common issue. Horrible title tags.
So, what makes for a good title tag? SEOs will debate this, but in my opinion, you want to write a title tag that has your most important/competitive keyword (phrase) listed first. You want to limit the title tag to around 66 characters (including spaces). Some SEOs practice writing title tags that read very naturally. More often than not, I recommend writing title tags which look a little something like this: "Keyword Phrase 1 | Keyword Phrase 2 | Keyword Phrase 3." Sometimes there's only one keyword phrase targeted to a page and sometimes I will recommend three.
I don't recommend having a home page title tag that reads something like "Company A - Home Page." You would be surprised by how many title tags actually do say "home page."
Make sure that every page of your Web site has a unique title tag which is actually descriptive of the content on that page.
This brings me to my final point...
Step 4: Content
When you review e-commerce Web sites, you will see a lot of Web sites that are strong in images and weak in text. Every company will say the same thing, "images are what tell our story." Well, the truth is, text can tell a story too. Your product pages should have some descriptive copy to accompany that image. Try to write at least 200 to 250 words of copy for each page of your Web site. Perhaps, even more for your home page. Don't get spammy. Just write something that is descriptive of what you do, what your product does, what your product is made of, etc. You never know when someone is going to search by color, size, or other descriptive terms.
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Author: SEO: Dynamic Field, for Sure...But Some Things Never Change
By Mark Jackson, ClickZ, Mar 31, 2010
